My Personality Type - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 589 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/21 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Information Essay Personality Essay Did you like this example? My Personality Type What’s the real personality of mine? I never used to know. So these two days, I did some research about it. Finally, I found a authoritative personality assessment systemMBTI. Then, I knew I’m the INTP type, after taking the assessment. Let me introduce the MBTI assessment first. The MBTI assessment was developed from the work of prominent psychiatrist Carl G. Jung in his book Psychological Types. Jung proposed a psychological typology based on  the theories of cognitive functions that he developed through his clinical observations. The MBTI preferences indicate the differences in people based on the following: * How they focus their attention or get their energy (extraversion or introversion) * How they perceive or take in information (sensing or intuition) * How they prefer to make decisions (thinking or feeling) How they orient themselves to the external world (judgment or perception) INTP (Introversion, iNtuition, Thinking, Perceptio n) is an abbreviation used in the publications of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) to refer to one of sixteen personality types. By using their preference in each of these areas, people develop what Jung and Myers called psychological type. This underlying personality pattern results from the dynamic interaction of their four preferences, in conjunction with environmental influences and their own individual tendencies. People are likely to develop behaviors, skills, and attitudes based on their particular type. Each personality type has its own potential strengths as well as areas that offer opportunities for growth. What’s the personality of the INTPs like? * I – Introversion preferred to extraversion: INTPs tend to be quiet and reserved. They generally prefer interacting with a few close friends rather than a wide circle of acquaintances, and they expend energy in social situations (whereas extraverts gain energy). * N – iNtuition preferred to sens ing: INTPs tend to be more abstract than concrete. They focus their attention on the big picture rather than the details, and on future possibilities rather than immediate realities. T – Thinking preferred to feeling: INTPs tend to value objective criteria above personal preference. When making decisions, they generally give more weight to logic than to social considerations. * P – Perception preferred to judgment: INTPs tend to withhold judgment and delay important decisions, preferring to keep their options open should circumstances change. Okay. After knowing all these, let me describe my personality assisted by the MBTI. I’m Intensely intellectual and logical. Also a conceptual problem solver and often show flashes of creative brilliance. Outwardly quiet, reserved, and detached, I’m inwardly absorbed in analyzing problems. I’m also critical, precise, and skeptical and are driven to find and use logical principles to understand their many ide as. I like conversation to be high level and purposeful and may argue to the point of hairsplitting just for fun. I’m convinced almost exclusively by logical reasoning. I set high standards – for themselves and for others. And I think in extremely complex ways and are generally better at organizing new concepts and ideas than at organizing other people. Highly independent, I’m tend to be more interested in finding creative solutions to problems than implementing them on the ground level. INTPs are one of the rarest types, accounting for about 1–5% of the population. According to Keirsey, based on behavioral characteristics, notable INTP Architects might include Albert Einstein, Charles Darwin and Thomas Jefferson. INTPs are one of the rarest types, accounting for about 1–5% of the population. I’m so happy to know that I’m one of the. The peculiarities of my personality will always be my treasure in my life. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "My Personality Type" essay for you Create order

Cross Cultural Communication A Misunderstanding Of...

This essay will demonstrate how cross cultural communication can raise issues in a misunderstanding of communication amongst people from different cultures and backgrounds. It will identify situations based on theory and will examine a case study that will allow a more in depth explanation as to why and how communication is not universal. The main point is to describe the variances between the Chinese and New Zealand way of communicating through verbal and non verbal platforms. The first issue is the way in which Jackie Wang and Superintendent Pat Li were greeted by Robin Phillips, Robin firmly shook their hands. According to Martin and Nakayama, (2013, p.285).† in many Asian countries the traditional greeting is a bow. The depth of the†¦show more content†¦(p.1). This statement identifies the importance of why all cultures should maintain an understanding of each other s gestures and the reasoning behind it, Robin should have done prior research to find out how Asians such as his Chinese guests greet, that way it would have shown more respect and understanding. As Robin was greeting Pat, he also pointed a finger towards a man that was with some students and asked Pat who the man was. â€Å" In China, pointing at a person with the index finger is considered rude. They always make the gesture with the hand or with the palm up† writes ( Mu Meng, 2014). Again, Robin should have been aware of what gestures can be found as rude in the Chin ese culture so that he didn’t do it. It is important to understand cultural differences to avoid any misunderstandings between different people and their cultures. Both parties in the case study had purchased gifts to exchange to express gratitude. Gift giving and receiving is different throughout the world, western countries often open gifts as soon as they are given it, however in Asian countries such as China the receiver prefers to open the present at a later time. It is also Chinese etiquette that the person receiving should wait, gifts should be wrapped properly as it is not appropriate to offer a gift in a bag. Chinese believe that specific colours have different meanings, for exampleShow MoreRelatedAvoiding Misunderstanding in Cross-Cultural Communication1893 Words   |  8 PagesAVOIDING CROSS-CULTURAL MISCOMMUNICATION Abstract International business has been developing fast in the globalization. We can see Chinese businessmen in most of places in the world, from Africa to America, and many 2 foreign companies are investing in China, vise versa. I, a Vietnamese woman, am working for Korea National Oil Corporation (KNOC) in oil and gas field in Vietnam where lots of foreign oil and gas corporations are operating such as KNOC, Halliburton, Schlumberger, BP, and Premier.Read MoreOvercoming Cross Cultural Differences Of Communication1595 Words   |  7 PagesOvercoming cross cultural differences in communication at Tearroir Ã¥ â€¢Ã¤ ¸ Ã¤ ¸ Ã¦Ë† Ã§ º ¿Ã¯ ¼Å'ç‹ ¬Ã¦Å" ¨Ã¤ ¸ Ã¦Ë† Ã¦Å¾â€" A single thread cannot become a cord, and a single tree does not make a forest. This Cheng Yu is about cooperation and being part of a larger whole. Its roots stem from Confucian beliefs of organized society through togetherness. This is in stark contrast to the emphasis placed on individualism in some Western countries. Introducton Tearroir is a global tea brand that sources premium loose leaf tea from 7 countries.Read MoreUnderstanding Cross Cultural Communication Barriers1631 Words   |  7 Pageseffective cross-cultural communication. 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The importance of cross-cultural competency has been identified in numerous areas of business, and strategies are continually developed to improve cultural awareness and effective communication and collaboration. It is important to first establish what is meant by culture and communication. Munter defines culture as consisting of â€Å"values, attitudes, and behavior in a given groupRead MoreIntercultural Communications: Cultural Stereotypes And Communication With Foreigners1807 Words   |  7 PagesIntercultural Communications Introduction The relationship that exists between culture and communication is quite strong with the former having substantial influence on the later. Basically, all forms of communications take place under a cultural context since the linguistic features are influenced by the same. Aspects of greetings, gratitude, taking leave, and complimenting, requesting, giving apologies, turn-taking and apologizing are all achieved through some form of communication, either verbal

Family-Based Behavioural Treatment of Childhood Obesity

Question: Describe about the Family-Based Behavioural Treatment of Childhood Obesity. Answer: Introduction Childhood obesity has been developing as a menace in the UK in recent times and is so anticipated that 25% of the children in the country aged under 16 will be prone to obesity by 2050. The National Health Service is presumed to increase by seven folds by 2050, which can also be a contributory factor to this public health concern (Wilkie et al. 2016). The health survey conducted in England suggested that 12.9% of the girls and 15.4% of the boys are overweight and 15.3% of the girls and 16.1% of the boys are obese in the age group of two to fifteen. So a Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) was performed was performed to implement and determine the effectiveness of Healthy Lifestyle Program (HeLP) in school going children to tackle childhood obesity (Wyatt et al. 2013). Data Analysis Data analysis method primarily involved statistical analysis. Emphasis was on the estimation of the data rather than the hypothesis of the study. Hypothesis test results accounted for the 5% levels of the secondary and primary outcomes and 1% for the terms of interaction. The CONSORT guidelines were followed for reporting as it is followed with RCTs. The analysis of the primary comparatives was conducted based on the intention-to-treat. Baseline differences in the measures of outcome and demographics were analysed by descriptive statistics (Karnik and Kanekar 2015). The outcome measure comparison involved all the available measures. The binary outcomes comparison were expressed at the confidence intervals of 95% and odd ratios. The continuous outcomes comparisons were expressed as the mean differences along with the confidence intervals of 95%. Regression analysis was used for the comparison of between groups. Sensitivity analysis was conducted as missing data imputation models. The study design was of hierarchical nature and the adjustment was based on the socio-economic class, availability of school meals at free of cost, school size, income values, etc (Wang et al. 2013). The study involved the cluster RCT followed by evaluation of the process including 32 schools of UK. The study will help to determine the cost effectiveness and effectiveness of HeLP in the prevention of childhood obesity. Children aged 9 to 10 years were selected as the participants. Randomized sequencing to intervene did the school allocation and the control of the study was done by a stratified method. This included the consideration of the factors like the proportion of the free meal eligibility of the children and the size of the school. The program had the objective of encouraging the children to select proper activities and replacing their diets for the maintenance of their energy balance. HeLP employed Behaviour Change Techniques (BCT) for enhancing the motivation, relevant information and the skills of behaviour. Engaging and accessible delivery methods were utilized which were aligned with the curriculum of the school and provided the parents with opportunities to be engaged in the program activities (Fagg et al. 2014). The prime hypothesis of the study was based on the fact that motivation, behavioural skills and targeting information will guide the participants towards better physical activities and improved diets. This will ultimately prevent in the gaining of the excessive weight by the children and the problem of childhood obesity can be tackled. However, the moderators of these processes were weight status, gender, school size and socioeconomic circumstances (Druet et al. 2012) The following secondary analyses were performed. The terms of interaction were examined for the investigation of the differences in the effects of the intervention on the outcome based on baseline BMI, gender, etc. The engagement intensity of the individual child was estimated and a comparison was drawn between the children who did and did not meet the criteria. The mediational analysis was done to determine the effectiveness of the intervention on the secondary and primary outcomes mediated by attitudes, norms, knowledge social support, self-efficacy and perceived environment. The regulation behaviours and techniques, which are related to the diet and physical activities utilizing the analytic framework for RCTs, were employed (Martin, Chater and Lorencatto 2013). HeLP is a four phase multi-component program, which has the primary objective of encouraging a healthy lifestyle. The four phases are as follow. Creation of a supportive context: The objective of this phase is to create the awareness and develop the relationship for establishing the foundation of the program and ensuring the success of the remaining phases. Week of a healthy lifestyle: This is an intensive phase, which involved the interactive drama and sessions of education lessons. The drama portion involved the theatrical performances and activities. Setting of the personal goals: This phase deals with the understanding of the messages of HeLP along with the parents of the children. Reinforcement: This phase deals with the fortification of the knowledge and messages achieved from the program and subsequent understanding through activities. The Economic evaluation was done for the estimation of the cost-effectiveness of the program. In comparison with the usual practice and from the perspective of the payers like the third party and NHS the economic analysis was performed for the cost-effectiveness of the program in the long term. Analyses of within trial provided a robust estimation of the costs and uses of the resources, which have been incurred in the delivery of the intervention of HeLP. This was performed on a regular basis by reporting the use of the resources by the personnel who were involved in the delivering and hosting of the intervention. The long-term assessment of the cost effectiveness was done by an evaluation which was model based. The framework of the model connected the weight status to the effectiveness outcomes to determine the outcomes of the future health over time (Showell et al. 2013) The analysis of the qualitative data was done on the basis of focus groups and interviews which were recorded as transcribed verbatim and audio tapes. NVivo software was employed for managing the transcribed data, which also supported the analytical and coding process. The transcripts were thoroughly read for understanding the experiences and views of the participants. The interpretation and analysis of the emerging themes were done was approached by the framework analysis. The efficiency of statistical analysis was enhanced by the analysis of BMI SDS by adjusting the values of the baseline phase. The calculation of the sample size employed conservative estimates. The standard deviation values for the participants ranged from 0.14 to 0.25 units. Various research studies have been performed by research organizations from where statistical data can be obtained regarding the childhood obesity conditions in UK. Some of these statistical data representations have been provided below. Image 1: Prevalence of childhood obesity Source: gov.scot Image 2: Childhood obesity in Middlebrough Source: teesjsna.org.uk Image 3: Childhood obesity in England Source: health.org.uk Discussion The study objective was to prevent childhood obesity by the application of a school-based intervention. The childhood obesity prevalence has increased from 5% to 17%, which is approximately a three-fold increase in the past three decades. This prevalence has lead to several health disorders. One third of the children in England are obese in the age limit of 10 to 11 years and gradually it is increasing. This problem of childhood obesity has got significant psychological and physical adverse effects which may continue in the adulthood as well. The behavioural treatments have shown little effectiveness in solving the problem. So it has become very important to prevent the unhealthy behaviour among all the children to prevent the childhood obesity, even if they are not suffering from obesity (Pallan et al. 2013). For these reasons, HeLP has been piloted and developed for evaluating and developing the complex interventions. It is based on the skill model of Information Motivation Behavior (IMB), which works on the principle that motivation, behavioural skills, and adequate information are required for bringing the change in the behaviour of the children. This system has been exclusively developed and implemented in the population of UK by working with the children, parents and the teachers to understand the delivery methods and the techniques of behaviour change. The behaviour change can be brought about by creating an atmosphere at the home and school that supports the change. The change should be brought about at the different levels of the lives of the children. Therefore, the study engulfed the students, teachers and their families in the program to create the environment of behavioural change by engaging all of them with multiple approaches. The systematic application of HeLP will allow to understand the operation of mediators and effects of moderators with respect to the outcomes. The variables related to behaviour and psychology describes the weight status outcomes. The process evaluation of HeLP provides the details associated with the success of the intervention program and the experience that the participants gathered can be determined. The clear understandings of these factors will further enable the program to undergo any remodelling or modifications for its enhancement in effectiveness. The intervention fidelity was based on three manuals. These manuals described the program components in the different phases of the program. There was also a separate trainers manual designed for the personnel involved in delivery. The checklist for intervention delivery was recorded in another separate manual. Documentation for the activities of the schools affecting the physical activity and diet was done and recorded for both the intervention and control schools. There were the baseline, questionnaire and post-baseline phases during the study period where different data were collected for analysis. The study period extended for twelve months (Ramasubramaniam, Lane and Rahman 2013). The attrition rates were quite low throughout the study, which involved 201 children. It was about 8% of the total strength of the children from the intervention and control schools. The method employed to prevent attrition was building up of relationships based on trust, which will encourage the participants to remain engaged in the process of research, and providing them with suitable incentives (Croker et al. 2012). In case of extension of the study periods, suitable benefits and remunerations were provided to the participants along with the intervention materials. The incentive value was determined after consultation with the children during the pilot study phase. The measure for primary outcome for HeLP was carried out by BMI SDS evaluation in the post-baseline period. The children as they get promoted in the school might effect the studies. Therefore, the timing of the study has been chosen keeping in mind this factor. As the population distribution of the class changes, the shape of the population remains the same. Therefore, the approach of the study focuses on the entire population distribution rather than focussing on a single child to prevent obesity of the entire population. The result of this study provided enough evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness and efficacy of HeLP, a novel intervention. This intervention aims to create the environments in the schools and home, which are supportive of the prevention of obesity in the school going children (Hollinghurst et al. 2014). A dearth has been noticed among the health professionals in the UK to show confidence while working with childhood obesity. The traditional methods of management of childhood obesity have been found to be unhelpful. Therefore, there has been a for an approach development which is suitable for the young children and can be equally supportive of the parents and health professionals. HeLP was developed with this objective for the successful management of childhood obesity among the school-going children of UK. References Croker, H., Viner, R.M., Nicholls, D., Haroun, D., Chadwick, P., Edwards, C., Wells, J.C. and Wardle, J., 2012. Family-based behavioural treatment of childhood obesity in a UK National Health Service setting: randomized controlled trial.International Journal of Obesity,36(1), pp.16-26. Druet, C., Stettler, N., Sharp, S., Simmons, R.K., Cooper, C., Davey Smith, G., Ekelund, U., Lvyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Marchal, C., Jarvelin, M.R., Kuh, D. and Ong, K.K., 2012. Prediction of childhood obesity by infancy weight gain: an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ level metaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ analysis.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology,26(1), pp.19-26. Fagg, J., Cole, T.J., Cummins, S., Goldstein, H., Morris, S., Radley, D., Sacher, P. and Law, C., 2014. After the RCT: who comes to a family-based intervention for childhood overweight or obesity when it is implemented at scale in the community?.Journal of epidemiology and community health, pp.jech-2014. Gov.scot. (2016).Health scotland, community care. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.scot/Topics/Health [Accessed 21 Mar. 2016]. Health.org.uk. (2015).Research and policy analysis | The Health Foundation. [online] Available at: https://www.health.org.uk/collection/research-and-policy-analysis [Accessed 21 Mar. 2016]. Hollinghurst, S., Hunt, L.P., Banks, J., Sharp, D.J. and Shield, J.P., 2014. Cost and effectiveness of treatment options for childhood obesity.Pediatric obesity,9(1), pp.e26-e34. Karnik, S. and Kanekar, A., 2015. Childhood obesity: a global public health crisis.Int J Prev Med, 2012. 3 (1), pp.1-7. Martin, J., Chater, A. and Lorencatto, F., 2013. Effective behaviour change techniques in the prevention and management of childhood obesity.International journal of obesity,37(10), pp.1287-1294. Pallan, M., Parry, J., Cheng, K.K. and Adab, P., 2013. Development of a childhood obesity prevention programme with a focus on UK South Asian communities.Preventive medicine,57(6), pp.948-954. Ramasubramanian, L., Lane, S. and Rahman, A., 2013. The association between maternal serious psychological distress and child obesity at 3 years: a crossà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ sectional analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Data.Child: care, health and development,39(1), pp.134-140. Showell, N.N., Fawole, O., Segal, J., Wilson, R.F., Cheskin, L.J., Bleich, S.N., Wu, Y., Lau, B. and Wang, Y., 2013. A systematic review of home-based childhood obesity prevention studies.Pediatrics,132(1), pp.e193-e200. Teesjsna.org.uk. (2016).Middlesbrough. [online] Available at: https://www.teesjsna.org.uk/middlesbrough/ [Accessed 21 Mar. 2016]. Wang, Y., Wu, Y., Wilson, R.F., Bleich, S., Cheskin, L., Weston, C., Showell, N., Fawole, O., Lau, B. and Segal, J., 2013. Childhood obesity prevention programs: comparative effectiveness review and meta-analysis. Wilkie, H.J., Standage, M., Gillison, F.B., Cumming, S.P. and Katzmarzyk, P.T., 2016. Multiple lifestyle behaviours and overweight and obesity among children aged 911 years: results from the UK site of the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment.BMJ open,6(2), p.e010677. Wyatt, K.M., Lloyd, J.J., Abraham, C., Creanor, S., Dean, S., Densham, E., Daurge, W., Green, C., Hillsdon, M., Pearson, V., Taylor, R.S., Tomlinson, R. Logan, S. 2013, "The Healthy Lifestyles Programme (HeLP), a novel school-based intervention to prevent obesity in school children: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial",Trials,vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 95-95.

Movie Making Movies That Take Place on the Ocean

Thriller movie Jaws, made in 1975, opened the line of the pictures that were shot on the ocean. Obviously, the director of the movie, Steven Spielberg, faced with a number of difficulties during the process of shooting due to the complicated conditions. Since that time, the world cinematograph learned how to avoid some of those problems and how to make the process of filming easier.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Making: Movies That Take Place on the Ocean specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the middle of 90s, three movies were shot on the ocean, such as Waterworld (1995), Cutthroat Island (1995) and Titanic (1997). As the Waterworld was â€Å"one of the most troubled productions in Hollywood history† (â€Å"The Turbulent Story of Waterworld†) and the filming of Pirates of the Caribbean (2003) was easy and quick, it possible to notice that the filmmakers got the success within the process of shooting on the ocean, learning how to avoid the difficulties and how to improve safety, making a product of high quality. Jaws, a story of a huge white sharp which kills people, opened a new page of blockbusters made in the complicated conditions on the ocean and became the top-grossing movie of all time (Hoberman). The movie starts with a scene on a beach when everyone is playing, swimming, and enjoying the time. Suddenly, a boy is pulled under the water and everyone starts getting out from the ocean. Besides, there is a number of scenes on the open water far from the land. 26-years old Spielberg chose the island of Martha’s Vineyard in Massachusetts as a place for shooting, as it is surrounded by the ocean and has an appropriate environment to create an adequate atmosphere. The director wanted to make the scenes similar to those what people see while swimming. Therefore, the movie is full of the underwater scenes. The cameras were keeping in a special box and, nevertheless , they got soaked. Filmmakers did not avoid the problems of shooting and had to over an expected budget of the movie, as the director wanted to create the unique and perfect scenes and insisted upon shooting with a huge shark. Due to the lack of knowledge and the skills of filming in such conditions, it was difficult to avoid, for instance, the boats that came into frame. Moreover, it was absolutely impossible to control the weather conditions. Nevertheless, although there were the various problems within shooting, the movie got the success. Jaws is one of the most popular movies and a good example of shooting on the ocean. In the middle of 90s, three movies were shot on the ocean. One of them, Cutthroat Island (1995), describes the adventures of pirates on Jamaica in the 17th century. The movie is full of the massive sets and scenes with ships on the water.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Le arn More However, although the main idea of the movie was interesting and the director Renny Harlin tried to make a fascinating adventure, the movie got a lot of negative responses. It is difficult to say that Cutthroat Island seriously changed the process of shooting on the water. In spite of Cutthroat Island, Waterworld (1995) was more successful. Although there were the different factors which were working against the movie, Waterworld had a lot of explosive pieces and, in general, got an interesting plot (â€Å"The Turbulent Story of Waterworld†). Due to shooting on water, filmmakers had to fight with a flooding, storm and hurricane in Hawaii. Waterworld went over the budget, building the floating environments. Once, Kevin Costner who played the main role almost drowned. Another actor Tina Majorino was stung by jellyfish. One of the assistances also was injured. Thereby, it is obvious that shooting on the ocean is a highly complicate task. In 1997, James Cameron created Titanic which is one of the most popular movies in the world. As the plot of the movie included a high number of the scenes on the ocean, it was necessary to shoot on the water. However, as Cameron was acquainted with the problems of other directors, he decided to film on the land. In order to create a realistic picture, the director used above 40 acres of oceanfront property in Mexico. Filmmakers built a copy of Titanic on the beach; thereby, it seemed that the ship was actually at the sea. Obviously, it was a right decision which helped to avoid a number of problems. It was a new step of shooting the movies on the water. In spite of other movies, the production of Pirates of Caribbean in 2003 was easy and quick. This pirate-theme movie avoided the problems of Cutthroat Island and got the commercial success. The tropical area of Bahamas was chosen for its good location and quite weather. The major part of the scenes was filmed on the boards of two ships which were staying in the d ocks by the ocean. However, several of the battle scenes were shooting in the open water and the team did not avoid the accidents and injuries. Analyzing the history of filming a movie on the ocean, it is possible to conclude that the directors use the experience of their colleagues and, therefore, try to shoot on the land in order to avoid the different problems, including the injuries of the members of team.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Making: Movies That Take Place on the Ocean specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Hoberman, J. â€Å"Nashville Contra Jaws.† The Last Great American Picture Show: New Hollywood Cinema in the 1970s. Ed. Horwath, King and Elsaesser. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2004. Print. The Turbulent Story of Waterworld 2008. Web. This essay on Movie Making: Movies That Take Place on the Ocean was written and submitted by user Zackary Lara to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The belief that humankind is going to

The belief that humankind is going to, inevitably, reach a dramatic decline is present among many young thinkers today, and even more so seen in the older generations. It is obvious that societies, globally, cant seem to reach out to the next generation. There are many problems present that we humans must face. Some of them are seen as more important than others, and it is all personal bias. I think that three of the most pressing problems are isolation or alienation via technology, the inequality of educational institutions and the systems in which we teach, and the moral decay of society, in general. While there might be, seemingly, simple solutions to these problems, we must look further into the problems we face in order to understand them better. It seems that the more technologically advanced we become the more isolated, or alienated, we become from ourselves, and society as a whole. I am not saying that we should "Take Vermont Back" but that we should be aware of social progress as it relates to how we communicate with each other. I am sure we all can relate to the phone messages that go on forever asking you to push button after button and never once speaking to a person! This sort of useless technology only serves to alienate humankind, as a whole, while saving corporate America the "added expense" of a personal greeting. Computers and all of the related wizardry that has exploded on to the scene in the late 20th century has benefited millions and can only be described as nothing short of miraculous to the needy, such as the disabled, but is used mostly by the young and bored who have further distanced themselves from society. "Supersized" shopping malls versus the village square. The Internet shopping craze versus! the touch and feel of humankind as one makes their way from person to person in their town. "Playstation 2" versus playing with your kids! We all do it and it becomes so easy to withdraw, be alone, beco...

Major Environmental Issues Facing Zimbabwe Essays

Major Environmental Issues Facing Zimbabwe Essays Major Environmental Issues Facing Zimbabwe Paper Major Environmental Issues Facing Zimbabwe Paper It as a long history of biodiversity preservation, through the national parks, forest reserves and innovative community-based sustainable-use schemes such as CAMPFIRE. Nevertheless, the natural resources are under pressure from a growing population with limited economic alternatives. Land quality Zombie has the greatest fraction of its land area in good quality agricultural land. The economy of Zombie has a large agricultural component, and the majority of people are dependent on the land. The distribution of people and productive agricultural resources is uneven, leading to problems of land degradation where large numbers of people and vivisect are concentrated on marginal lands. Freshwater resources The Zambia River in the north is one of the largest rivers in Africa, but does not currently supply water to the rest of the country, which is water-scarce in most parts. The geology is generally not conducive to large groundwater supplies. Climate change Like the rest of southern Africa, Zombie is strongly influenced by fluctuations in rainfall. An improvement in the water balance as a result of climate change would be a great benefit; increase water stress, on the other hand, would be a substantial development challenge. Zombie environmental problems like erosion of its agricultural lands and deforestation. By 1 992, deforestation was progressing at the rate of ha per year, or about 1. 5% of the nations forestland. The confinement of large segments of the population to relatively unproductive lands before independence put severe pressure on these lands, a substantial portion of which may have been irreversibly damaged. Zombies air is polluted by vehicle and industrial emissions, while water pollution results from mining and the use of fertilizers. Zombies cities produce 0. 5 million tons of solid waste per year and a good amount ends up in the rivers. The nation has been estimated to have the highest EDT concentrations in the world in its agricultural produce. In 2001 , nine of the nations mammal species and nine bird species were endangered, as well as 73 types Of plants. Zombie has about half of the worlds population of black rhinoceroses, an endangered species. Rare or threatened species include the cape vulture, black-cheeked lovebird, and brown hyena. For protection, the government has adopted a policy of shooting poachers on sight. Africans freshwater supply is almost stretched to its limit. Less than 10% of Africans rainfall is available as reface water, one of the lowest conversion ratios in the world. The countrys groundwater resources are equally limited. Despite regulations of river waters, in many catchments the need for water exceeds the supply and quality is often below standards. Given the projected growth in population and economic development, Africa faces tough times in meeting water demands in the decades ahead. The shortfall in freshwater is tied to growing demands, but also to other issues such as loss of natural habitat and potentially climate change. Destruction of natural habitats the land of the fine-leaved plants, is one of the worlds most impressive botanical kingdoms a mind-boggling variety of plants that is richer than any other comparable sized area in Africa. An estimated 8,500 species of vascular plants, of which 70% are endemic, are reported here. But because the area has been heavily settled for several centuries, large swathes of natural vegetation, particularly in the lowlands, have been cleared for agriculture and urban development. Similar problems face the Iamb-Karol-Achieved desert, a very distinctive and flirtatiously rich excretion with highly diverse endemic plant immunities. Here, poor land management, conversion of marginal lands for cultivation, dam construction, mining, and illegal extraction of selected succulents for black market trade, pose a suite of threats. Over fishing along the Coast, there is persistent over harvesting of many commercially valuable species and products such as pilchard, anchovy and rock lobster. Further at sea, some fish stocks have been over-harvested, and several species face local extinction. These dangerous trends follow improvements of fishing methods, increase in fishing effort and the establishment of fishing industries. Introduction of exotic species Africans natural habitats are being colonized by alien species at great rates. Introduced species, particularly North American game fishes such as largemouth bass and smoothly bass, are pushing out indigenous species and threaten to lead some of them to extinction. Pollution a high level of traffic associated with crude oil transport from the Arabian Gulf has resulted in contamination from tankers spills and discharge of polluted ballast waters. A strategy that is having impact on environment is the Wildlife Environment Zombie has fought for the conservation and protection of Zombies environment. WEEK has been on the forefront of conservation, lobbying for the establishment of National Parks and protected areas, assisting in the management of these, and spreading knowledge on conservation and environmental issues through our magazine, publications, and different environmental education projects. To encourage and assist all people Of Zombie to understand the importance of wildlife and the environment and to conserve Zombies natural resources for the well being of current and future generations and to ensure that the utilization of these natural resources is fair and sustainable. But Zombie is confronted by critical environmental and ecological problems. This has resulted in environmental degradation, declining population of endangered species, destruction of indigenous forest and wildlife habitats, soil erosion, pollution in all its forms, and ruthless exploitation of our natural resources for short-term profit. Partnership for Environmental Law Education is another strategy thats s working to help prepare for a more sustainable future. Over the past three years, the Zombie Environmental Law Association in collaboration with Environment Africa and the Environmental Management Agency entered into partnership to educate rural and urban communities about their environmental rights and duties. Rural district councils, grassroots organizations, environmental actions groups, traditional leaders and government deep retests were among the groups that were trained. The partnership is driven by the need to address the main impediments to environmental justice, which are poverty and lack of knowledge. At the local level, knowledge about available rights and capacities to claim them are Often limited. It is therefore, the purpose of this project to lid the capacity of communities and locally based organizations to claim those rights and to promote the building of local institutions that can lead to the opening up of opportunities for improved access to natural resources, good health and improved livelihoods. Therefore, environmental law education provides the avenue for people to acquire knowledge and skills that enable them to act within their communities in an environmentally responsible way. To date, ZEAL Environment Africa and the Environmental Management Agency held close to fifteen joint workshops by pooling resources together. The partnership was a way of avoiding the duplication of work by the three organizations. In practice, ZEAL provides the legal advice while Environment Africa brings its experience and contacts with community groups. The Environmental Management Agency as a government agency brings the government perspective and commitment to natural resources management. Through this partnership, ZEAL and Environment Africa are in a better position to make contributions to legal reforms and to influence policy decisions on natural resources management and environmental protection. Tell, ZEAL has been reviewing draft regulations on waste management and indigenous knowledge systems that are being formulated by the Ministry of Environment and Tourism. The regulations seek to complement the Environmental Management Act. Another key output of the partnership is the formation of Environment Committees and Sub-Committee at the district level in the ten provinces of Zombie. Hare has witnessed an upsurge in the number of residents forming community based groups to spearhead waste collection efforts. These community groups are formed by people with a passion for the environment and who also want to earn a living from waste recycling and reuse. The formation of waste management groups is also partly due to the increase in the uncollected waste that has been accumulating around the City. However, the groups are just loose groups of individuals especially the youth which do not exist as legal entities. They have been finding it difficult to operate without registration as companies or common law trusts. Through workshops and seminars, the Zombie Environmental Law Association received requests from all the groups for legal assistance. Most of the requests are for their registration either as companies or trusts. ZEAL has agreed with Environment Africa and Practical Action to irk on a plan of action that will result in the registration of the groups. It is noteworthy that the efforts of these groups are a result of sustained education programmers on waste management and environmental protection around Hare by the civil society. Therefore, the formation of the waste management enterprises is one way of implementing the principles of environmental management contained in the Environmental Management Act and other pieces of legislation. The benefits of registration are that the groups can effectively engage the private sector and request for assistance as legal entity with traceable references.

Time Value of Money in Economic Decisions Research Paper

Time Value of Money in Economic Decisions - Research Paper Example An Opportunity cost arises when one is made to wait for the amount in future. In this context, Blue jay Manufacturing Company is looking at two options. These options include outsourcing portions of its in house manufacturing or making a capital investment towards expansion of in house manufacturing. Capital budgeting is thus essential in making a financial analysis of the two options presented to make a decision that will have the best outcome. Time value of money uses the present value and the future value of cash flows. In this case Butler wants to keep the manufacturing in house and to do so there is need for a capital investment to be made. Investing this cash denies the business a chance to outsource since the money cannot be realized till the investment pays off. Time value of money is used here to calculate the future value of the money which is then compared to the investment value at maturity. If the investment value at maturity is greater than the calculated future value o f money, then it is considered a good investment. However, if the future value of money is greater than the value of the investment then it is not a good capital investment and Butler would be advised to go ahead and outsource (Crosson and Needles, 2008). This is how time value of money is used in making an economic decision. It helps to calculate the value of money at a future date and compare it with its present value so as to determine a worthy investment. To clearly understand the basics of time value of money, it is important to understand the Net Present value. Net Present Value is the difference between present values of cash outflows and the present values of cash inflows. It is calculated to check the profitability of one alternative over the other. A positive NPV is an indication that it is a good investment whereas a negative NPV shows that it is not a worthy investment (Steven, 1986). In this case, future cash flows estimates of outsourcing are generated. These cash flow s are then discounted to one lump sum present value for example $600,000. If the suppliers are willing to provide their services at a price below $600,000 then management can give the go ahead to outsource for this presents a positive NPV. However, if the suppliers charge more than $600,000 it would be a very costly move and thus management would chose not to outsource. Consequently, the same analysis should be done for the case of in house manufacturing. If the NPV of in house manufacturing is found to be greater than the NPV of outsourcing, then by all means a capital investment should be made to expand in house manufacturing and vice versa. Net Present Value calculations take inflation and returns into account while analyzing the time value of money. In simple terms, it is the present value of future cash flows without accounting for the purchase price (Crosson and Needles, 2008). It is considered the most standard method for using time value of money to appraise long term invest ments during capital budgeting. The Pay Back Period is also another method that is used to determine the time value of money. However, it only measures the risk and not the returns. The Pay Back period measures the time taken for cash inflows to equate to the capital investment made. The shorter the period the more worthy the investment is. Time value of money